Chain of Thought

A thinking method with paper cards

SHOULD I LEARN TO COOK? Why? I EAT TAKEOUT EVERY DAY So what? thought → tool → thought → tool → … ← thinking card ← tool card ← new thought

This guide teaches you a simple method for structured thinking using paper cards and a flat surface. In 10 minutes you'll have everything you need to start exploring any question, decision, or idea — one thought at a time.

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The Method

Chain of thought is a way of exploring ideas by writing one thought at a time, then using a thinking tool to prompt the next. You build a branching tree of connected ideas on your table.

What you need

Cards (6.8 × 4 cm)
A pen
A flat surface
Reference cards (cut from last pages)

Three types of cards

Thought and tool cards are the same size — just rotated. Reference cards are larger:

YOUR THOUGHT

Horizontal = Thought

Your ideas. One per card.

Why?

Vertical = Tool

The connector.

Why? What are the reasons? Dig into causes and root causes

Reference Card

Your cheat-sheet deck.

How to play

  1. Write your starting thought on a card. Place it horizontally.
  2. Pick a thinking tool. Write the tool name on a new card and place it vertically below your thought, overlapping the bottom edge.
  3. Pause and reflect on the combination of your thought and the tool's question.
  4. Write your answer on a new card. Place it horizontally over the bottom of the tool card, so the tool name peeks out above.
  5. Repeat. Fan 2–4 tool cards out from one thought to branch. The table is your constraint — and that's a feature.

Example: Exploring a Decision

Here's how a chain grows on your table, step by step.

1. Start with what's on your mind.

SHOULD I CHANGE CAREERS?

One thought, placed horizontally. Don't overthink it.

2. Pick a tool. Place it vertically below, overlapping.

SHOULD I CHANGE CAREERS? What is the goal?

The tool card tucks under the thought. Pause — ask yourself: "What am I actually trying to achieve?"

3. Write your answer. Place it over the tool card's bottom.

SHOULD I CHANGE CAREERS? What is the goal? I WANT MEANINGFUL WORK

The tool name peeks out between the two thoughts — showing what connects them.

4. Branch out — fan multiple tools from one thought.

I WANT MEANINGFUL WORK Why? Who cares? How do you know? MY FAMILY NEEDS STABILITY I LOVE HELPING PEOPLE I FEEL STUCK Three tools fan out from one thought — three new directions to explore. The physical space on your table limits branching to 2–4. That's a feature.

5. Keep going — stack cards to follow one path deeper.

I FEEL STUCK So what? I DREAD MONDAY MORNINGS Minimum viable action UPDATE MY LINKEDIN THIS WEEKEND CONTACT RECRUITER

A single path going deeper: feeling → consequence → smallest action. The best chains end with something you can do today.

Your Thinking Tools

These cover the full arc of thinking: from understanding a problem to taking your first step. You don't need to use them in order — pick whatever feels right.

Clarify

Understand

Challenge

Evaluate

Imagine

Feel

Consequences

People

Sharpen

Options

Act

These tools are enough to get started. There are many more thinking tools you can use with the method - explore them all at hmmmm.app/tools

Tips

Card Template

All cards are the same size. The orientation tells you the role: horizontal = thought, vertical = tool.

6.8 cm / 2.7 in 4 cm / 1.6 in YOUR THOUGHT horizontal = thinking card 4 cm / 1.6 in 6.8 cm / 2.7 in TOOL NAME vertical = tool card

Same card, rotated 90°. Cut index cards or stiff paper to 6.8 × 4 cm. You'll need a good stack — 30+ cards is a comfortable starting point.

Getting started quickly

Cut-Out: Tool Reference Cards

Cut along the dashed lines. Use as a deck — browse for the right tool, or draw randomly.

What is the goal?
What are you trying to achieve?
What is the purpose?
Clarify before you explore. See the bigger picture behind your thoughts.
Why?
Why are you thinking or feeling this?
What caused this?
What happened that led here?
Dig into causes and root causes.
How do you know?
What makes you sure this is true?
What evidence do you have?
What proof do you have?
See the difference between facts and opinions.
Really?
Are you sure this is true?
Is this really the case?
How much would you bet on being right?
Challenge your assumptions. Test your certainty.
So what?
What are the consequences?
What happens if I do this?
What happens if I don't?
Trace implications forward. Why does this matter?
Then what?
What will happen next?
What is the next step?
What will others do in response?
See the future. Plan ahead.
Who cares?
Who is affected by this?
Who is involved?
Who is responsible?
Map the people and their stakes.
Alternatives?
What else could I do?
What other options do I have?
What actions can I take here?
Try to come up with at least 3 alternatives.
How?
How will you make this happen?
What are the steps needed?
What is the plan?
Turn thoughts into concrete actions.

Cut-Out: Tool Reference Cards (continued)

More tools to round out your deck - and feel free to create your own tools.

Minimum viable action
What is the smallest step I could take today?
What takes less than 10 minutes?
What would I do if I only had to do 1%?
If it feels hard, make it smaller. Start moving.
Pros
What are the benefits?
What do you gain?
What makes this a good idea?
List the advantages. Be thorough.
Cons
What are the disadvantages?
What do you lose?
What could go wrong?
List the downsides. Be honest.
Worst case?
What is the worst realistic outcome?
Could you live with that?
How likely is it, really?
Pre-mortem thinking. Often less scary than you think.
What if?
What would happen if…?
Imagine a different scenario.
What if the opposite were true?
Hypothetical thinking. Explore possibilities.
How does it feel?
How does this make you feel?
What does your gut say?
What emotions come up?
Access your intuition. Feelings are data too.
Who do you trust?
Who knows this? Who has done this?
Who can help?
Whose opinion do you value?
Identify authorities, mentors, and support.
Be specific!
What exactly do you mean?
Can you give an example?
What does this look like in practice?
Move from abstract to concrete. Precision reveals clarity.